PRIOR TO CLASS ON THURS 9/16....In a comment to this post, write a ONE sentence summary for each of these chapters from OHN: Development Emergence Aggression Sex
Development: We are predisposed by our genes towards certain personality traits and behaviors, and various experiences that we have as we develop will either lead us towards our predisposition for a trait or away from it.
Emergence: Modern day social and culture structures have evolved by hypertrophy from our ancestor's instinctual behaviors.
Aggression: Aggressive actions (such as territorialism) have evolved from a need to protect oneself to maintain one's genetic fitness
Sex: Differences in gender roles in modern society are intensified versions of the subtle differences between genders in hunter-gatherer society
Development- we as humans are not born without knowledge, but are born with certain genes that control instincts. Emergence- Our instincts cause us to evolve socially Aggression- aggression has evolved from ancient competitiveness Sex- sex is important in order to create diversity throughout a society
Development: Just like physical traits, human behavior is predisposed due to different gene combinations and certain stimuli. A good quote that I feel sums this chapter up is on page 65; "Each animal species is "prepared" to learn certain stimuli, barred from learning others, and neutral with respect to still others."
Emergence: The chapter Emergence is on how Human Nature has come to be and how it has evolved and leads into the next chapters on what makes up Human Nature.
Aggression: The chapter Aggression was about how humans are naturally aggressive because "we are strongly predisposed to slide into deep, irrational hostility under certain definable conditions." (106)
Sex: As Wilson says on page 147, "the central argument of this chapter has been that human sexuality can be much more precisely defined with the aid of the new advances in evolutionary theory." In support of this quote is his explanation on homo sexuality and how even though in the past they haven't usually produced offspring, the gene still gets passed down because homosexuals are advantageous to society.
Development: Our learning potential is already determined by the map in our brains, which continues to develop as we approach different environments throughout our lives.
Emergence: While they work at different paces, cultural change and biological evolution are continuously influencing each other
Aggression: Human beings are naturally aggressive, and the idea of organized violence has become a new mode of natural selection.
Sex: Not only is sex an act of reproduction, but it is an expression of love that creates diversity and adaptability.
Development: We are born genetically disposed to certain behaviors and developments, but our experiences can alter the direction in which our development continues (like rocks rolling down shallow trenches).
Emergence: Human societies are based on basic instincts/biologically advantageous behaviors that have become increasingly more complex with cultural evolution (hypertrophy).
Aggression: Human beings are naturally predisposed to violence, as aggressive behavior was a trait evolutionarily selected for when resources were scarce.
Sex: Human beings are interesting in that sex plays multiple roles in society - reproduction, power, and relationship building, for example.
Development: Humans are born machines of genetic instinct, and experience in the world shapes the rest of our growth, in correspondence with our genetic pre-disposition.
Emergence: Social evolution, as affected by hypertrophy, has resulted in us moving beyond genetic impulses to a more significant shared discourse.
Aggression: Territoriality and survival instinct has brought about genetic (and frequently irrational) human aggression, rendering it somewhat vestigial in modern times.
Sex: A reproductive act that helps facilitate love and bonding (as corny as it may sound).
Development: Human behavior relies heavily on nurture (or upbringing) rather than his genetic makeup. While genetic instinct does define a human who lacks knowledge or experience, a human's emotional growth is entirely dependent on his environment.
Emergence: Humans have evolved socially from using only instinct to a more "advances" method of conducting the society in which they live.
Aggression: Territorial and primal instincts have caused innate aggression that humans display in the present day.
Sex: Humans are advanced (when compared to other sexually active animals) in that they use sex for more than a means of procreating.
Development: human behavior can only be explained if it is examined as a development process from genes to later actions.
Emergence: the various patterns and manners of human society have evolved overtime from our original organization as hunters and gatherers.
Aggression: genetic predisposition, crowded environments, and cultural tendencies are the reasons why humans are, historically, innately aggressive.
Sex: the different upbringings of boys and girls are largely accountable for the roles of males and females in different societies and thus the productivity of these societies.
Development: Humans are born, not with a "blank slate" but instead with varying capability for all types of skills and instincts, with a certain inclination towards particular paths of development.
Emergence: All modern society evolved from long term genetic evolution and short term hypertrophic cultural evolution.
Aggression: The genetic and cultural evolution described in 'Emergence' are elaborated into Tribalism and Social Darwinism respectively, illustrating concrete reason for the innate aggressive nature of humans.
Sex: This chapter explains how our one true purpose, reproduction, creates the diversity and environments that result in a great deal of hypertrophic cultural evolution.
Development: Genes are the root of human development.
Emergence: The concept of hypertrophy has caused humans to advance rapidly from hunter-gatherers, to massive civilizations.
Aggression: Humans are innately aggressive, as they naturally want to prove their genetic fitness.
Sex: Reproduction is for the purpose of creating a diverse population, not just for the goal of expanding the human population (this would be a waste of resources).
Development: gaining skills and abilities after being born without them Emergence: Traits that humans have gotten through evolution over millions of years Agression: Why humans are aggressive and why they must be to survive and create a fit species Sex: results in reproduction as well as the creation of diversity in the gene pool
Development: The way that a human (or any other species) is brought up. Emergence: The social development of humans that has lead to moving past the genetic part of our lives. Aggression: The hostile instinct, and act, amongst human beings display as a tool of defensive and eliminate competition. Sex: An important aspect of society that is not only an act of pleasure and love, but an act that is essential for the diversity and population of societies.
Development: Humans are predisposed towards certain behavioral patterns and characteristics and the human mind possesses the capacity for change so traits can be added or subtracted based on certain environmental factors. Emergence: Hypertrophic development and evolution of ancestral instincts and tendencies have heavily influenced human evolution. Aggression: Although human aggression no longer exists for the sole purpose of natural selection, present day humans have a hereditary predisposition towards aggression. Sex: Sex creates diversity within an environment
development - Humans are not born without ANY knowledge
ReplyDeleteEmergence - We constantly evolve socially because of instinct
Aggression - Aggressiveness is a means of seeking the most genetically fit
Sex - The purpose of sex is not just to reproduce, but to also spawn diversity
Development: Humans are born as blank sheets, without any knowledge, and learn based on experiences and interactions.
ReplyDeleteEmergence: Instinct causes our constant social evolution
Aggresssion: A way to sift out the genetically superior by praising and following survival of the fittest
Sex: To reproduce and create genetic diversity in offspring and life.
Development: We are predisposed by our genes towards certain personality traits and behaviors, and various experiences that we have as we develop will either lead us towards our predisposition for a trait or away from it.
ReplyDeleteEmergence: Modern day social and culture structures have evolved by hypertrophy from our ancestor's instinctual behaviors.
Aggression: Aggressive actions (such as territorialism) have evolved from a need to protect oneself to maintain one's genetic fitness
Sex: Differences in gender roles in modern society are intensified versions of the subtle differences between genders in hunter-gatherer society
Development - Humans and animals are born with many instincts and natural behaviors, and without them, most life would not survive.
ReplyDeleteEmergence - Social evolution and the reason societies all around the world are very similar could be based on the biology/genetics of humans.
Aggression - Aggression originally was caused by competition for resources, but people still have aggressive instincts.
Sex - Sexual reproduction serves more than just to create offspring - it allows for diversity and parental bonding.
Development- we as humans are not born without knowledge, but are born with certain genes that control instincts.
ReplyDeleteEmergence- Our instincts cause us to evolve socially
Aggression- aggression has evolved from ancient competitiveness
Sex- sex is important in order to create diversity throughout a society
Development: Just like physical traits, human behavior is predisposed due to different gene combinations and certain stimuli. A good quote that I feel sums this chapter up is on page 65; "Each animal species is "prepared" to learn certain stimuli, barred from learning others, and neutral with respect to still others."
ReplyDeleteEmergence: The chapter Emergence is on how Human Nature has come to be and how it has evolved and leads into the next chapters on what makes up Human Nature.
Aggression: The chapter Aggression was about how humans are naturally aggressive because "we are strongly predisposed to slide into deep, irrational hostility under certain definable conditions." (106)
Sex: As Wilson says on page 147, "the central argument of this chapter has been that human sexuality can be much more precisely defined with the aid of the new advances in evolutionary theory." In support of this quote is his explanation on homo sexuality and how even though in the past they haven't usually produced offspring, the gene still gets passed down because homosexuals are advantageous to society.
Development: Our learning potential is already determined by the map in our brains, which continues to develop as we approach different environments throughout our lives.
ReplyDeleteEmergence: While they work at different paces, cultural change and biological evolution are continuously influencing each other
Aggression: Human beings are naturally aggressive, and the idea of organized violence has become a new mode of natural selection.
Sex: Not only is sex an act of reproduction, but it is an expression of love that creates diversity and adaptability.
Development: We are born genetically disposed to certain behaviors and developments, but our experiences can alter the direction in which our development continues (like rocks rolling down shallow trenches).
ReplyDeleteEmergence: Human societies are based on basic instincts/biologically advantageous behaviors that have become increasingly more complex with cultural evolution (hypertrophy).
Aggression: Human beings are naturally predisposed to violence, as aggressive behavior was a trait evolutionarily selected for when resources were scarce.
Sex: Human beings are interesting in that sex plays multiple roles in society - reproduction, power, and relationship building, for example.
Development: Humans are born machines of genetic instinct, and experience in the world shapes the rest of our growth, in correspondence with our genetic pre-disposition.
ReplyDeleteEmergence: Social evolution, as affected by hypertrophy, has resulted in us moving beyond genetic impulses to a more significant shared discourse.
Aggression: Territoriality and survival instinct has brought about genetic (and frequently irrational) human aggression, rendering it somewhat vestigial in modern times.
Sex: A reproductive act that helps facilitate love and bonding (as corny as it may sound).
Development: Human behavior relies heavily on nurture (or upbringing) rather than his genetic makeup. While genetic instinct does define a human who lacks knowledge or experience, a human's emotional growth is entirely dependent on his environment.
ReplyDeleteEmergence: Humans have evolved socially from using only instinct to a more "advances" method of conducting the society in which they live.
Aggression: Territorial and primal instincts have caused innate aggression that humans display in the present day.
Sex: Humans are advanced (when compared to other sexually active animals) in that they use sex for more than a means of procreating.
Development: human behavior can only be explained if it is examined as a development process from genes to later actions.
ReplyDeleteEmergence: the various patterns and manners of human society have evolved overtime from our original organization as hunters and gatherers.
Aggression: genetic predisposition, crowded environments, and cultural tendencies are the reasons why humans are, historically, innately aggressive.
Sex: the different upbringings of boys and girls are largely accountable for the roles of males and females in different societies and thus the productivity of these societies.
Development: the idea that humans are born as "blank slates" (tabula rasa) is not true because things such as phobia develop from ancient instincts.
ReplyDeleteEmergence: Humans have evolved over millions of years, originating from chimpanzees into the hunter-gatherer period.
Aggression: Humans are naturally aggressive by nature because of a need for this trait in the past in order to survive- "survival of the fittest"
Sex: serves to purpose to create diversity in the world (for humans- and other animals that reproduce with 2 different individuals)
Development: Humans are born, not with a "blank slate" but instead with varying capability for all types of skills and instincts, with a certain inclination towards particular paths of development.
ReplyDeleteEmergence: All modern society evolved from long term genetic evolution and short term hypertrophic cultural evolution.
Aggression: The genetic and cultural evolution described in 'Emergence' are elaborated into Tribalism and Social Darwinism respectively, illustrating concrete reason for the innate aggressive nature of humans.
Sex: This chapter explains how our one true purpose, reproduction, creates the diversity and environments that result in a great deal of hypertrophic cultural evolution.
Development - humans are not a "tabula rasa", but rather, have an innate capability for moral instincts and tendencies.
ReplyDeleteEmergence - social behavior has evolved as a result of instinctual behavior.
Aggression - humans are naturally inclined to act aggressively in their quest for superiority.
Sex - contrary to what many people, sex is important not only to reproduce, but to create diversity.
Development: Genes are the root of human development.
ReplyDeleteEmergence: The concept of hypertrophy has caused humans to advance rapidly from hunter-gatherers, to massive civilizations.
Aggression: Humans are innately aggressive, as they naturally want to prove their genetic fitness.
Sex: Reproduction is for the purpose of creating a diverse population, not just for the goal of expanding the human population (this would be a waste of resources).
Development: gaining skills and abilities after being born without them
ReplyDeleteEmergence: Traits that humans have gotten through evolution over millions of years
Agression: Why humans are aggressive and why they must be to survive and create a fit species
Sex: results in reproduction as well as the creation of diversity in the gene pool
Development: The way that a human (or any other species) is brought up.
ReplyDeleteEmergence: The social development of humans that has lead to moving past the genetic part of our lives.
Aggression: The hostile instinct, and act, amongst human beings display as a tool of defensive and eliminate competition.
Sex: An important aspect of society that is not only an act of pleasure and love, but an act that is essential for the diversity and population of societies.
Development: Humans are predisposed towards certain behavioral patterns and characteristics and the human mind possesses the capacity for change so traits can be added or subtracted based on certain environmental factors.
ReplyDeleteEmergence: Hypertrophic development and evolution of ancestral instincts and tendencies have heavily influenced human evolution.
Aggression: Although human aggression no longer exists for the sole purpose of natural selection, present day humans have a hereditary predisposition towards aggression.
Sex: Sex creates diversity within an environment